Gynecology and Obstetrics

Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome

It is defined as the clinical condition in which hormone levels of a woman gets altered. It is characterized by increased levels of male hormones than normal which leads to imbalances in hormone levels and menstrual cycle is skipped. The most commonly used diagnostic tool for its detection is pelvic ultrasound. This syndrome is named so because of development of numerous ovarian cysts which are immature follicles. The main cause for the development of PCOS is the increased secretion of the androgenic hormone namely testosterone along with the combination of luteinizing hormone and presence of high levels of insulin. The common medications that are used to treat PCOS include the combination of oral contraceptives in combination of metformin. The oral contraceptives increase the production of sex hormone binding globulin which binds the free testosterone.